|
|
Interaction between teacher and pupils during a Biology lesson at elementary school and lower-level of grammar school.
SPILKOVÁ, Markéta
This Bachelor thesis deals with communication in science class, especially interaction between teacher and students at a second grade of elementary schools and at a lower grade of multi - year high schools (gymnasiums). The aim of the thesis was to analyze the length of speeches of individual participants, the way of information exchange and the overall structure of communication during selected Science lessons. The theoretical part deals in detail with communication in general, but also with appropriate and inappropriate means of communication,which can be reflected in the following effectiveness of the communication. Emphasis is placed on pedagogical communication, its structure and participation of individual speakers. Practical part of the thesis was based on collection of qualitative and quantitative data, which served both more detailed description of communication structures and with determination frequency of questions and answers asked as well as length of the speech from individual participants of the conversation. A total of seven lessons of science teaching by different teachers in different elementary schools in the South Bohemia Region were analysed according to the established methodology. It was found that the most common method of teacher-student interaction was asking the teacher's questions, which were answered by the student. The monological interpretation was much less represented in the lessons. Communication also took place betwen students in group work. The IRF structure was the main pillar of interaction in the observed hours. The results show that the IRF structure and its modifications constituted the vast majority of all communicative exchanges. It is confirmed by the results of the analysis of lessons, including illustrative examples.
|
|
|
Teaching Human Genetics and English Using CLIL Method at Lower Secondary Level
ZIKOVÁ, Sylvie
The thesis deals with teaching genetics and the English language (CLIL method). The main aim was to design four learning activities on the topic of human genetics. The given activities were then tested in practice. In the literature part, the thesis focuses on the CLIL method, its definition, and the topic of human genetics. In the second part, the thesis focuses on the validation of the learning activities with 8th grade students during three lessons. The results showed that most of the pupils would repeat the CLIL method teaching in another subject and that their knowledge of the topic of human genetics improved significantly after the teaching.
|
|
|
Work with Models in Biology Teaching
Zemanová, Tereza ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Skýbová, Jana (referee)
The main idea and the aim of the Diploma Thesis is to point out the importance of applying models in the teaching natural history, and to prove whether models positively contribute not only to the activation of students, but also to the increase of their cognitive knowledge. The theoretical part of the Diploma Thesis is focused on the student's attitude towards working with models, on the pedagogical and psychological resource for integrate models into teaching and the model themselves. On their classification, properities and didactic function. The second, practical part to the Diploma Thesis presents proposals for specific models that were created and applied during teaching at a secondary school in Týniště nad Orlicí. Diploma Thesis also contains a comparison of the results of students who did not have the opportunity to work with the model and with students who participated in its creation. In addition, the Diploma Thesis includes research of the attitudes of these students towards working with models.
|
|
|
Variability of Natural History in Elementary School in Vysočina Region
Francálková, Petra ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the expected outputs in the school curriculum and the variability of natural history teaching in the Vysočina region. The aim of this work is to find out whether it is processed with the expected outputs and whether the teaching of natural history in the Vysočina region is varied and interesting. The work is divided into two parts, a theoretical part and a practical part. In the theoretical part, they describe the curriculum document, RVP, school legislation and what is the trend in science education. The practical part is divided into quantitative research and qualitative research. In the practical part, the expected outputs from 82 school education plans are classified according to coding, and model lessons of natural history at five selected schools are also described. In the diploma thesis, information is written about subject plans and curricula, and whether teachers are used. Excursions on which teachers and pupils most often completed several hours of auditions and thanks to these auditions, I was able to see several different teaching methods. These methods are described in the work. I ran into several problems at work. For example: "Is it important for the school to have significantly expanded expected outcomes? Is it possible to fulfill all these outputs? I...
|
|
|
Students' Argumentation Skills in the Topic of Tick-borne Diseases
Balík, Tadeáš ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
ABSTRACK We consider argumentation skills to be a necessary attribute of effective communication in the present day for full application in both personal and social life. For this reason, these abilities are purposefully incorporated into education at primary and upper primary schools in the form of a key communicative competence. Pupils' argumentation skills can be developed through targeted teaching activities on appropriately chosen topics that encourage discussion. The purpose of this work was to map the skills of formulating one's own arguments in the topic of tick-borne diseases and the possibilities of their prevention among pupils in upper primary school. For this purpose, a complex task was constructed and presented to 369 pupils. Pupils' formulated arguments were evaluated according to their frequency, effectiveness and factual correctness. The pupils' argumentation skills were shown to be at a low level. It was found that the pupils' arguments were influenced by the grade and their personal attitude towards the topic under consideration. For the effective cultivation of this skill, we consider it desirable to pay systematic attention to it in primary and upper primary education through targeted activities. KEYWORDS communicative competence, communication skills, argumentation skills, natural...
|
|
|
A probe of student´s knowledge of photosynthesis at the lower-secondary school
ZÁSTĚRA, Štěpán
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to use a questionnaire survey to determine the bachelor's knowledge of photosynthesis of pupils at the 2nd grade of primary school. The literature review describes photosynthesis and its phases, its inclusion in the FEP, the occurrence of photosynthesis in textbooks and misconceptions of students about photosynthesis. The methodology describes questionnaires for students and teachers, as well as the organization of surveys in schools and evaluation of results. The final part contains an evaluation of selected questions from the questionnaire. There were 186 pupils from five primary schools who took part in the questionnaire survey. The evaluation of the questionnaires confirms the occurrence of misconceptions among pupils regarding photosynthesis, which are mentioned in the literature review, at the interviewed schools. Furthermore, the questionnaire shows that students appreciated another form of teaching botany in the subject of biology (teaching with real natural products, quizzes, laboratory tasks).
|
|
|
Impact of the use of CLIL method in Biology lessons at lower-secondary level in relation to level of acquired knowledge and skills
HARTLOVÁ, Natálie
The presented diploma thesis is focused on the creation of worksheets that are consistent with the CLIL method (content and language integrated learning). The literary research deals with integrated learning and the approaches used in practise (e. g. CLIL, STEM). There are described the fundamental principles of CLIL teaching, the required competencies of the CLIL teachers, the techniques of planning CLIL lessons and their fundamental structure. There are also described distance education and modern technologies that can be used in education. The teaching methods are part of the literary research as well and these methods relate to the created didactic materials. The main aim of this diploma thesis was to create teaching materials that connect the teaching of the English language and the chosen topic of Biology. The created CLIL materials are designed for the pupils of the 9th grade of secondary schools, and they deal with the topic of the energy industry. All created materials respect the 4C system, which is one of the tools how to prepare lessons where the CLIL method is used. The chosen learning activities were verified in practise and the course of this verification is described in the methodical part of this thesis. The sub-goal of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of the teaching materials in relation to the level of acquired knowledge and skills. There are also described some of the methodical recommendations.
|
|
|
Critical issues of curricula in human biology at lower-secondary level from the in-service teachers' point of view
POSPÍCHAL, Bedřich
The diploma thesis identifies critical issues of Biology curriculum, specifically in the field of Human biology at lower-secondary level. The theoretical part describes the general principles of creating curricular content, explains the concept of "critical issues of the curriculum" and possible causes of their formation, summarizes selected researches on specific critical issues of biology curriculum with emphasis on human biology, including common students' misconceptions related to this educational content. The practical part is divided into two parts. Firstly, the critical issues of the biology were mapped by questionnaire survey. The interviews with the selected teacher were realized based on the findings from the questionnaire survey and these interviews provided more detailed analysis of critical issues in Human biology from teachers' point of view. The teachers mentioned the endocrine and nervous system as a critical issues in lessons focused on Human biology. The main reasons causing the problems in these topics are overfilled curriculum and insufficient time in classes. Difficult didactic transformation or missing didactical or methodological materials were also mentioned in relation to the teaching of these topics. Teachers also consider these issues to be critical for pupils, especially because of the amount of curriculum and high demands on pupils' imagination The thesis also contains several activities that could help facilitate the teaching of the endocrine system as well as methodological suggestions for their implementation into the practice.
|
|
|
Use of autor's didactical aids in the curricula of selected organ systems of human body at lower-secondary level
NOVÁKOVÁ, Gabriela
The master thesis aimed to design, create and verify the use of author's teaching aids in teaching selected organ systems of the human body at elementary school. The theoretical part describes the methods and forms of teaching that can be chosen in connection with the use of teaching aids in teaching. It deals more with examples of activation methods that are suitable for use in combination with traditional methods and forms of teaching, especially due to the attractiveness and the suppress for stereotypes in teaching, but also as a tool for developing student´s creativity. The technology of 3D printing is also mentioned. It was used in the creation process of one of the author's didactic aids - drawing templates. The section devoted to methodology describes the procedure for creating didactic materials. First, selected textbooks of natural history for the secondary school were studied thoroughly, followed by an acquaintance with didactic aids/games offered by today's market online and in stores in the Czech Republic. The next subchapter explains the choice of topics for the creation of aids related to the results of interviews with teachers in practice and also the conclusions from other qualifications and professional studies. The final part describes the specific author's teaching aids - templates, worksheets with animations created in Doodly software, the card game Quartet and Dobble and puzzles. The verification of these aids was mostly carried out through a questionnaire survey, due to unauthorized personal contact with students in schools due to COVID.
|
|
| |
guest ::
